Drupal 7 与 Drupal 8 的一些变化

1，Settings, States, ConfigEntity

Drupal 7：保存配置

// mymodule/mymodule.module
variable_set("mymodule_results", 5);

Drupal 8：保存配置

// mymodule/mymodule.module
config('mymodule.config')->set('results', 5)->save();

// mymodule/config/mymodule.config.yml
myvalue: 5

Drupal 7：保存状态

// mymodule/mymodule.module
variable_set("mymodule_last_update", 12345678);

Drupal 8：保存状态

// mymodule/mymodule.module
state()->set('mymodule_last_update', 12345678);

Drupal 7：设定

Drupal 7的设定是放在数据库

Drupal 8 设定是基于ConfigEntity，举例图像样式，image style。

在sites/default/files/config/activeXXX能看到image style的配置。

现在通过drupal 8后台增加一个image style，你会发现多了一个配置文件。

如果我们把这个配置文件拷贝到其他drupal8站点的话，同样的，在drupal8后台也能看到新加的image style

2，模板引擎

Drupal 7 模板引擎：PHP Template

.tpl.php

<?php if ($content): ?>
<div class=”<?php print $classes; ?>”>
<?php print $content; ?>
</div>
<?php endif; ?>

Drupal 8 模板引擎：Twig

.twig

{% if content %}
<div {{ attributes }}>
{{ contents }}
</div>
{% endif %}

3，多语言

字段多语言：

– D7

// Determine the $active_langcode somehow.
$field = field_info_field('field_foo');
$langcode = field_is_translatable($entity_type, $field) ?
$active_langcode : LANGUAGE_NONE;
$value = $entity->field_foo[$langcode][0]['value'];

– D8

// Determine the $active_langcode somehow.
$translation = $entity->getTranslation($active_langcode);
$value = $translation->field_foo->value;

实体多语言：

– D7

function entity_do_stuff($entity, $langcode = NULL) {
if (!isset($langcode)) {
$langcode = $GLOBALS['language_content']->language;
}
$field = field_info_field('field_foo');
$langcode = field_is_translatable($entity_type, $field) ?
$langcode : LANGUAGE_NONE;
if (!empty($entity->field_foo[$langcode])) {
$value = $entity->field_foo[$langcode][0]['value'];
// do stuff
}
}

– D8

$langcode = Drupal::languageManager()
->getLanguage(Language::TYPE_CONTENT);
$translation = $entity->getTranslation($langcode);
entity_do_stuff($translation);
function entity_do_stuff(EntityInterface $entity) {
$value = $entity->field_foo->value;
$langcode = $entity->language()->id;
// do stuff
}

判断当前语言：

– D7

function field_attach_view($entity_type, $entity,
$view_mode, $langcode = NULL, $options = array()) {
$display_language = field_language($entity_type, $entity,
NULL, $langcode);
$options['language'] = $display_language;
$null = NULL;
$output = _field_invoke_default('view', $entity_type,
$entity, $view_mode, $null, $options);
return $output;
}

– D8

public function viewEntity(EntityInterface $entity,
$view_mode = 'full', $langcode = NULL) {
$langcode = NULL; // Defaults to the current language
$translation = $this->entityManager
->getTranslationFromContext($entity, $langcode);
$build = entity_do_stuff($translation, 'full');
return $build;
}

4，Hook 跟 Plugin

– 7.x: hook_image_toolkits()

/**
* Implements hook_image_toolkits().
*/
function system_image_toolkits() {
include_onceDRUPAL_ROOT . '/' . drupal_get_path('module',
'system') . '/' . 'image.gd.inc';
return array(
'gd' => array(
'title' => t('GD2 image manipulation toolkit'),
'available' => function_exists('image_gd_check_settings') &&
image_gd_check_settings(),
),
);
}

– 8.x: ImageToolkitManager

classImageToolkitManager extendsDefaultPluginManager {
// ... various methods ... //
/**
* Gets a list of available toolkits.
*/
public function getAvailableToolkits() {
// Use plugin system to get list of available toolkits.
$toolkits = $this->getDefinitions();
$output = array();
foreach($toolkits as $id => $definition) {
if(call_user_func($definition['class'] . '::isAvailable')) {
$output[$id] = $definition;
}
}
return $output;
}
}

– 7.x: 降低饱和度函数

/**
* Converts an image to grayscale.
*
* @param$image
* An image object returned by image_load().
*
* @return
* TRUE on success, FALSE on failure.
*
* @seeimage_load()
* @seeimage_gd_desaturate()
*/
function image_desaturate(stdClass $image) {
return image_toolkit_invoke('desaturate', $image);
}

– 8.x: 降低饱和度方法

/**
* Defines the GD2 toolkit for image manipulation within Drupal.
*
* @ImageToolkit(
* id = "gd",
* title = @Translation("GD2 image manipulation toolkit")
* )
*/
classGDToolkit extendsPluginBase implementsImageToolkitInterface {
// ... all the toolkit methods ... //
public function desaturate(ImageInterface $image) {
// PHP using non-bundled GD does not have imagefilter.
if(!function_exists('imagefilter')) {
return FALSE;
}
return imagefilter($image->getResource(),IMG_FILTER_GRAYSCALE);
}
}

5，模块

– 8.x

modules/mymodule/mymodule.info.yml

name: 'My test module'
type: module
description: 'Drupalcon demo.'
core: 8.x

modules/mymodule/mymodule.module

<?php
/**
* @file
* Drupalcon demo module.
*/

增加两个tabs：

不需要像Drupal7一样需要改变 default local task，而是只需要增加一个yaml 文件，tabs: mymodule/mymodule.local_tasks.yml

mymodule_list_tab:
route_name: mymodule.list
title: 'List'
tab_root_id: mymodule_list_tab
mymodule_settings_tab:
route_name: mymodule.settings
title: 'Settings'
tab_root_id: mymodule_list_tab

Drupal 7通过hook menu 定义地址，Drupal 8改为Routes

mymodule/mymodule.routing.yml

mymodule.list:
path: '/admin/config/mymodule/list'
defaults:
_content: '\Drupal\mymodule\Controller\MyController::dolist'
_title: 'Mymodule list'
requirements:
_access: 'TRUE'
mymodule.settings:
path: '/admin/config/also-mymodule/settings'
defaults:
_content: '\Drupal\mymodule\Controller\MyController::settings'
_title: 'Mymodule settings'
requirements:
_access: 'TRUE'

6，区块 block

Drupal7通过hook_block 系列钩子新建block， drupal 8将block 作为插件形式，每个自定义的block 通过一个class定义。

/**
* Provides a block with 'Mymodule' links.
*
* @Block(
* id = "mymodule_my_block",
* admin_label = @Translation("Mymodule block")
* )
*/
classMyBlock extendsBlockBase {
public function build() {
return array(
'first_link' => array(
'#type' => 'link',
'#title' => $this->t('Mymodule List'),
'#route_name' => 'mymodule.list',
),
'second_link' => array(
'#type' => 'link',
'#title' => $this->t('Mymodule Settings'),
'#route_name' => 'mymodule.settings',
));
}
}

Hook 跟 Plugin比较：